Guidelines prescribing members' election-related activities were established by the Board of Trustees in the early 1970s, when APA began having contested elections, and have been updated to address major concerns. These concerns are: (1) to guard against massive campaign efforts "buying" an election win, particularly if those efforts are financed by resources from outside the membership, (2) the revulsion against campaign committees and unwelcome bids for public support, (3) the growing distress of the membership at being deluged with campaign materials, and (4) a belief among some members that large-scale campaigning is inconsistent with their conception of APA's professional image.